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linux

 CentOS Linux 5.5 download

The following mirrors should have the cd .iso images available:


Nearby Countries - 

http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.tcc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://mirror.usonyx.net/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://rsync.atworks.co.jp/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/Linux/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/Linux/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/linux/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://www.ftp.ne.jp/Linux/packages/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://mirror.corbina.net/pub/Linux/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 
http://mirror.yandex.ru/centos/5.5/isos/i386/ 

 

 

 

Setup the ntpd.conf File

Edit /etc/ntpd.conf (suse) or /etc/ntp.conf (gentoo) to look like this:

restrict default noquery notrust nomodify
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict 209.87.56.0 mask 255.255.255.0
restrict 209.87.57.31
server 209.87.57.30
restrict 142.58.103.1
server 142.58.103.1
driftfile /etc/ntp.drift
logfile /var/log/ntp.log

Installation

Gentoo

# emerge ntp -va
# rc-update add ntpd default
# /etc/init.d/ntpd start

DO NOT rc-update add ntp-client default don't do it!!!??

Suse

# chkconfig xntpd on
# /etc/init.d/xntpd start

For Firewall users

Add the following rule to iptables:

-A INPUT -i eth0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

Check everything is running properly

# ntpdc

Then type in 'peers' to see if the ntpd can contact the ntp server correctly, and then type 'quit' to exit.

Locked Down ntpd.conf

If you are paranoid, use:

restrict default ignore
restrict 127.0.0.1
restrict 209.87.57.31
server 209.87.57.30
restrict 209.87.56.234
server 209.87.56.234
driftfile /etc/ntp.drift
logfile /var/log/ntp.log

 

 [root@www www]# vi backup.sh

 
#/bin/bash
 
cd /var/www/
# Remove old backups
find /var/www/backups/* -mtime +5 -exec rm -fr {} \; > /dev/null 2>&1
 
# Remove old RRAs (usually means the datasource is deleted)
find /var/www/html/rra/* -mtime +2 -exec rm -fr {} \; > /dev/null 2>&1
 
# Create the filename for the backup
eval `date "+day=%d; month=%m; year=%Y"`
INSTFIL="cacti-backup-$year-$month-$day.tar.gz"
 
# Dump the MySQL Database
mysqldump -uroot --opt cacti> /var/www/html/cacti-backup.sql
mysqldump -uroot --opt syslog> /var/www/html/syslog.sql
 
# Gzip the whole folder
 
tar -Pcpzf /var/www/backups/$INSTFIL /var/www/html/*
 
# Remove the SQL Dump
rm -f /var/www/html/cacti-backup.sql
rm -f /var/www/html/syslog.sql
 

 

Processor and system information for computers using 32-bit AMD processors

AMD CPUInfo displays processor and system information for computers using AMD Athlon, Opteron, Phenom, Sempron, Duron and Turion processors.

Thw package contains RPMs for the following 32-bit Linux distributions:

- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
- openSUSE 10.2
- openSUSE 10.3
- SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10

Download hosted on external servers

zip
[binary] [2.90 MB]

 

 

 

Adobe Flash Player is a lightweight, robust runtime environment for rich media and rich Internet applications.

Adobe Flash Player is a lightweight, robust runtime environment for rich media and rich Internet applications.

Adobe Flash Player is the standard for delivering high-impact, rich Web content. Designs, animation, and application user interfaces are deployed immediately across all browsers and platforms, attracting and engaging users with a rich Web experience.

Installation:

1. Download the plugin to begin installation. A dialog box will appear asking you where to save the file.
2. Save the .tar.gz file to your desktop and wait for the file to download completely.
3. Quit your browser.
4. Remove all existing Adobe Flash Player installations from the system.
5. Unpackage the file. A directory with contains libflashplayer.so will be created.
6. Copy libflashplayer.so to ~/.mozilla/plugins. Create the 'plugins' folder if it does not exist yet.
7. Launch your brower. To verify installation in Firefox choose Help > About Plug-ins from the browser menu.

Download hosted on external servers

tar.gz
[binary] [3.83 MB]

Download hosted on external servers

RedHat/Fedora/Mandriva/openSUSE RPM i386
[rh_rpm] [3.93 MB]

Download hosted on external servers

Ubuntu/Debian DEB ALL
[ubuntu_deb] [3.83 MB]

 

 

 View login related logs

tail -f /var/log/secure
vi /var/log/secure
grep 'something' /var/log/secure

 

[root@hc168 ~]# tail -f /var/log/secure
Nov 16 15:28:56 hc168 sshd[28137]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:222.218.124.37 port 1273 ssh2
Nov 16 08:06:57 hc168 sshd[28945]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:202.103.221.74 port 1267 ssh2
Nov 16 16:06:57 hc168 sshd[28944]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:202.103.221.74 port 1267 ssh2
Nov 16 16:11:00 hc168 sshd[2942]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:113.16.191.187 port 52757 ssh2
Nov 17 00:11:00 hc168 sshd[2941]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:113.16.191.187 port 52757 ssh2
Nov 17 01:09:07 hc168 sshd[7976]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:202.103.221.74 port 3614 ssh2
Nov 17 09:09:07 hc168 sshd[7975]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:202.103.221.74 port 3614 ssh2
Nov 17 14:53:37 hc168 sshd[11487]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for 183.129.218.222.broad.hc.gx.dynamic.163data.com.cn failed - POSSIBLE BREAKIN ATTEMPT!
Nov 17 06:53:39 hc168 sshd[11488]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:222.218.129.183 port 50180 ssh2
Nov 17 14:53:39 hc168 sshd[11487]: Accepted password for yaobin from ::ffff:222.218.129.183 port 50180 ssh2
 

 [root@hc168 ~]# ps aux

USER       PID %CPU %MEM   VSZ  RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root         1  0.0  0.0  3308  552 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 init [3]                  
root         2  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        SN   Nov11   0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root         3  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [events/0]
root         4  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [khelper]
root         5  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [kacpid]
root        33  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [kblockd/0]
root        34  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [khubd]
root        54  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [aio/0]
root        53  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:02 [kswapd0]
root       198  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [kseriod]
root       309  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [scsi_eh_0]
root       310  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [percraid]
root       326  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [kjournald]
root      1449  0.0  0.0  2372  456 ?        S

root      1503  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [shpchpd_event]
root      1559  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [kauditd]
root      1605  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S<   Nov11   0:00 [kmirrord]
root      1629  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [kjournald]
root      1630  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:08 [kjournald]
root      1631  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [kjournald]
root      1632  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [kjournald]
root      1633  0.0  0.0     0    0 ?        S    Nov11   0:00 [kjournald]
 
[root@hc168 ~]# ps aux | grep process-name
[root@hc168 ~]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      3384  0.0  0.6 26444 14052 ?       Ss   Nov11   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.2/bin/httpd -k start
root     14207  0.0  0.0  2312  404 ?        S    00:15   0:00 /usr/local/sbin/cronolog /var/log/httpd/bbs.hc365.com-error_log.%Y%m%d
root     14208  0.0  0.0  2268  404 ?        S    00:15   0:00 /usr/local/sbin/cronolog /var/log/httpd/passport.hc555.com-error_log.%Y%m%d
root     14209  0.0  0.0  3216  408 ?        S    00:15   0:00 /usr/local/sbin/cronolog /var/log/httpd/bbs.hc555.com-error_log.%Y%m%d
root     14210  0.0  0.0  3152  408 ?        S    00:15   0:00 /usr/local/sbin/cronolog /var/log/httpd/help.soft30.com-error_log.%Y%m%d

 

 

who is logged on and what they are doing

 

[root@hc168 ~]# w

 19:36:25 up 4 days,  2:08,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00

USER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT

tyucdbin   pts/0    212.113.221.74   Fri15    2days  0.09s  0.02s sshd: tyucdbin [priv]

tyucdbin   pts/1    200.113.208.13   19:09    0.00s  0.03s  0.01s sshd: tyucdbin [priv]

[root@hc168 ~]# who

tyucdbin   pts/0        Nov 13 15:04 (202.103.221.74)

tyucdbinn   pts/1        Nov 15 19:09 (220.173.208.13)

 

 

 

Find out current Language:

set | egrep '^(LANG|LC_)'

output


LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
 

 Linux ftp Command

 

NAME
 
ftp - Internet file transfer program
SYNOPSIS
 
ftp [-pinegvd ] [host ] 
pftp [-inegvd ] [host ]
 
EXAMPLES 
 
 ftp abc.xyz.edu
This command will attempt to connect to the ftp server at abc.xyz.edu. If it succeeds, it will ask you to log in using a username and password. Public ftp servers often allow you to log in using the username "anonymous" and your email address as password. Once you are logged in you can get a list of the available ftp commands using the help function: 
 
 ftp> help
This lists the commands that you can use to show the directory contents, transfer files, and delete files. 
 
 ftp> ls
This command prints the names of the files and subdirectories in the current directory on the remote computer. 
 
 ftp> cd customers
This command changes the current directory to the subdirecotry "customers", if it exists. 
 
 ftp> cd ..
Changes the current directory to the parent direcotry. 
 
 ftp> lcd images
Changes the current directory on the local computer to "images", if it exists. 
 
 ftp> ascii
Changes to "ascii" mode for transferring text files. 
 
 ftp> binary
Changes to "binary" mode for transferring all files that are not text files. 
 
 ftp> get image1.jpg
Downloads the file image1.jpg from the remote computer to the local computer. Warning: If there already is file with the same name it will be overwritten. 
 
 ftp> put image2.jpg
Uploads the file image2.jpg from the local computer to the remote computer. Warning: If there already is file with the same name it will be overwritten. 
 
 ftp> !ls
A '!' in front will execute the specified command on the local computer. So '!ls' lists the file names and directory names of the current directory on the local computer. 
 
 ftp> mget *.jpg
With mget you can download multiple images. This command downloads all files that end with ".jgp". 
 
 ftp> mput *.jpg
Uploads all files that end with ".jgp". 
 
 ftp> mdelete *.jpg
Deletes all files that end with ".jgp". 
 
 ftp> prompt
Turns iteractive mode on or off so that commands on multiple files are executed without user confirmation. 
 
 ftp> quit
Exits the ftp program. 
 
 
DESCRIPTION
 
Ftp is the user interface to the Internet standard File Transfer Protocol. The program allows a user to transfer files to and from a remote network site.
Options may be specified at the command line, or to the command interpreter.

 

 
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